Additionally, the means of crown diameter reported from field measurements and UAV estimation at all flight altitudes were not statistically different. The results indicated that the means of tree height obtained from field measurements and UAV estimation were not significantly different, except for the mean values calculated at 100 m flight altitude. The crown height model ( CHM), derived from a digital surface model ( DSM), was used to estimate tree height, and an inverse watershed segmentation (IWS) algorithm was used to estimate crown diameter. UAV data acquisition was performed at three altitudes of 25, 50, and 100 m using a local network RTK system (NRTK). A total of 107 trees were subjected to field-measured dendrometric measurements (height and crown diameter). As it can tolerate harsh conditions, this species is highly appropriate for afforestation and reforestation projects. Arizona cypress is commonly planted as an ornamental tree. The study was conducted on a Cupressus arizonica (Greene., Arizona cypress) plantation on the Razi University Campus in Kermanshah, Iran. This study aimed to test the accuracy of a UAV-mounted GNSS RTK (real-time kinematic) system for calculating tree height and crown height without any GCPs. One of the main challenges of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in forest data acquisition is the implementation of Ground Control Points (GCPs) as a mandatory step, which is sometimes impossible for inaccessible areas or within canopy closures.
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September 2023
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